Cargo.lock

@@ -1941,6 +1941,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "schemars 1.2.2",
  "scraper",
  "serde",
+ "serde_json",
  "tokio",
  "tracing",
  "tracing-subscriber",

deep_research/Cargo.toml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ chrono = "0.4.45"
 clap = { version = "4", features = ["derive"] }
 futures = { workspace = true }
 indicatif = "0.18.6"
-reqwest = { workspace = true, features = ["query"] }
+reqwest = { workspace = true, features = ["query", "json"] }
 rig = { workspace = true }
 schemars = "1"
 scraper = "0.27"
@@ -17,3 +17,6 @@ serde = { workspace = true }
 tokio = { workspace = true }
 tracing = { workspace = true }
 tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+serde_json = "1"

deep_research/src/cli.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+use clap::Parser;
+
+pub(crate) const DEFAULT_TOPIC: &str =
+    "What are the latest advances in running large language models locally, on consumer hardware?";
+
+/// Deep research agentic loop over local Gemma models: a tool-calling agent
+/// gathers and cross-checks web evidence, a reviewer agent gates it, and a
+/// writer agent turns approved findings into a structured report.
+#[derive(Parser)]
+#[command(name = "doubleo7-research", version, about)]
+pub(crate) struct Cli {
+    /// Research topic to investigate
+    pub(crate) topic: Option<String>,
+
+    /// Emit logs at this level (off by default; passing this also enables a
+    /// progress spinner to switch off, since the logs already show progress)
+    #[arg(short = 'l', long, value_name = "LEVEL")]
+    pub(crate) log_level: Option<tracing::Level>,
+}

deep_research/src/core.rs

@@ -1,190 +0,0 @@
-use crate::progress::{REJECTED_EMOJI, REPORT_EMOJI, RESEARCH_EMOJI, Spinner};
-use crate::review::{self, Review};
-use crate::stream::write_text_stream;
-use crate::tools::{FetchPage, SearchWeb};
-use clap::Parser;
-use rig::client::{AgentClientExt, Nothing};
-use rig::providers::ollama;
-use rig::streaming::StreamingPrompt;
-use std::io::Write;
-
-/// The tool-calling research loop needs to reliably decide what to search
-/// for, when a page is worth fetching, and when it has enough evidence —
-/// that's a reasoning-heavy job best given to the largest local Gemma
-/// variant. Turning the gathered notes into prose afterwards is comparatively
-/// mechanical, so the smaller/faster variant handles that pass instead.
-const RESEARCHER_MODEL: &str = "gemma4:26b";
-const WRITER_MODEL: &str = "gemma4-e4b:latest";
-const MAX_RESEARCH_TURNS: usize = 12;
-/// Research/review rounds before giving up and writing the report from
-/// whatever the last pass produced, rather than looping forever on a topic
-/// the reviewer can never be satisfied with.
-const MAX_RESEARCH_ROUNDS: usize = 3;
-
-
-/// Deep research agentic loop over local Gemma models: a tool-calling agent
-/// gathers and cross-checks web evidence, a reviewer agent gates it, and a
-/// writer agent turns approved findings into a structured report.
-#[derive(Parser)]
-#[command(name = "doubleo7-research", version, about)]
-pub(crate) struct Cli {
-    /// Research topic to investigate
-    pub(crate) topic: Option<String>,
-
-    /// Emit logs at this level (off by default; passing this also enables a
-    /// progress spinner to switch off, since the logs already show progress)
-    #[arg(short = 'l', long, value_name = "LEVEL")]
-    pub(crate) log_level: Option<tracing::Level>,
-}
-
-/// Only initializes a subscriber (and thus produces any log output at all)
-/// when the caller opted in via `--log-level` — otherwise tracing's macros
-/// are no-ops, leaving the terminal clean for the spinner.
-pub(crate) fn initialize_observability(log_level: tracing::Level) {
-    tracing_subscriber::fmt()
-        .with_env_filter(
-            tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::try_from_default_env()
-                .unwrap_or_else(|_| tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::new(log_level.to_string())),
-        )
-        .with_span_events(tracing_subscriber::fmt::format::FmtSpan::CLOSE)
-        .with_writer(std::io::stderr)
-        .init();
-}
-
-/// The least-agentic shape that fits: a plain Rust loop putting *this code*,
-/// not a model, in charge of when to stop — re-running research with the
-/// reviewer's feedback folded in until it approves or the round budget runs
-/// out, then writing the report from whatever the last pass produced.
-pub(crate) async fn research(topic: &str, show_progress: bool) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
-    let client = ollama::Client::new(Nothing)?;
-
-    let mut findings = String::new();
-    let mut feedback: Option<Review> = None;
-
-    for round in 1..=MAX_RESEARCH_ROUNDS {
-        findings = gather_findings(&client, topic, feedback.as_ref(), round, show_progress).await?;
-
-        let review = review::review_findings(&client, topic, &findings, show_progress).await?;
-        let approved = review.approved;
-
-        tracing::info!(round, approved, "review verdict");
-
-        if approved || round == MAX_RESEARCH_ROUNDS {
-            break;
-        }
-
-        if show_progress {
-            eprintln!("{REJECTED_EMOJI} Findings rejected — revising for round {}...", round + 1);
-        }
-
-        feedback = Some(review);
-    }
-
-    write_report(&client, topic, &findings, show_progress).await
-}
-
-/// Wraps the tool-calling research loop in its own span so it's visible as a
-/// single unit in traces, distinct from the writing and review phases and
-/// nesting rig's own per-turn `chat`/`execute_tool` spans underneath it.
-#[tracing::instrument(skip(client, feedback), fields(gen_ai.agent.name = "researcher"))]
-async fn gather_findings(
-    client: &ollama::Client,
-    topic: &str,
-    feedback: Option<&Review>,
-    round: usize,
-    show_progress: bool,
-) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
-    let current_date = chrono::offset::Local::now().to_string();
-
-    let researcher = client
-        .agent(RESEARCHER_MODEL)
-        .name("researcher")
-        .preamble(format!(
-            "You are a meticulous research assistant. Use the search_web and fetch_page tools to \
-             investigate the user's topic: run several searches with varied phrasing, fetch the \
-             most promising pages, and cross-check claims across at least two sources before \
-             trusting them. Ensure sources are up to date: the current date is {current_date}. \
-             Once you are confident you have enough evidence, stop calling tools and reply with a \
-             plain-text dump of every fact you gathered, using footnote-style citations: write each \
-             fact followed by a bracketed number like [1], then at the end of your reply list a \
-             'Sources' section mapping each number to the exact URL it came from, one per line, e.g. \
-             '[1] https://example.com/page'. Reuse the same number when multiple facts come from the \
-             same URL — do not give one URL two different numbers. Also call out any open questions \
-             or contradictions between sources, citing the footnotes involved. This is raw research \
-             material for a writer, not a final report, so favor completeness over polish.")
-                      .as_str(),
-        )
-        .tool(SearchWeb)
-        .tool(FetchPage)
-        .build();
-
-    let task = match feedback {
-        None => topic.to_string(),
-        Some(review) => format!(
-            "Topic: {topic}\n\n\
-             You already ran a research pass on this topic. A reviewer checked it against its \
-             cited sources and found it insufficient. Do more research to address the reviewer's \
-             feedback, then produce an updated findings dump: carry forward what's solid, and \
-             add, correct, or better-source whatever the gaps call for. Gaps include out-of-date,\
-             irrelevant, or clearly wrong information. The date is {current_date}.\n\n\
-             Solid findings from the last pass — keep and build on these:\n{}\n\n\
-             Gaps the reviewer found — conclusions not actually backed by their source, sources \
-             that don't line up with the conclusion drawn from them, or parts of the topic still \
-             uncovered:\n{}",
-            review.solid_findings, review.gaps
-        ),
-    };
-
-    let spinner = Spinner::start(show_progress, format!("{RESEARCH_EMOJI} Researching..."));
-    let findings = researcher
-        .runner(task)
-        .max_turns(MAX_RESEARCH_TURNS)
-        .run()
-        .await?
-        .output;
-    drop(spinner);
-
-    tracing::info!(round, findings = %findings, "research phase complete");
-
-    Ok(findings)
-}
-
-#[tracing::instrument(skip(client, findings), fields(gen_ai.agent.name = "writer"))]
-async fn write_report(
-    client: &ollama::Client,
-    topic: &str,
-    findings: &str,
-    show_progress: bool,
-) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
-    let writer = client
-        .agent(WRITER_MODEL)
-        .name("writer")
-        .preamble(
-            "You turn raw research notes into a clear, well-organized report for the reader. The \
-             notes use footnote-style citations — a bracketed number like [1] after a fact, with a \
-             Sources section mapping numbers to URLs. Preserve this scheme in your report: keep the \
-             same [n] markers next to the claims they support (renumbering only if you drop unused \
-             sources), and end the report with a 'Sources' section listing every footnote number \
-             still in use next to its exact URL. Structure the body with headings, and call out any \
-             open questions or contradictions the research turned up. Do not invent facts beyond \
-             what the notes provide.",
-        )
-        .build();
-
-    let spinner = Spinner::start(show_progress, format!("{REPORT_EMOJI} Writing report..."));
-    let response_stream = writer
-        .stream_prompt(format!("Topic: {topic}\n\nResearch notes:\n{findings}"))
-        .await;
-
-    // Locked once for the whole stream rather than per chunk (as print!
-    // would do internally) — chunks arrive in a tight loop, so re-acquiring
-    // the lock on every one adds up. The spinner keeps running until the
-    // stream's first chunk arrives, so the terminal stays covered through
-    // the gap between sending the prompt and generation actually starting.
-    let stdout = std::io::stdout();
-    let mut handle = stdout.lock();
-    let report = write_text_stream(response_stream, &mut handle, spinner).await?;
-    writeln!(handle)?;
-
-    Ok(report)
-}

deep_research/src/history.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+use rig::completion::message::{ToolResultContent, UserContent};
+use rig::completion::{AssistantContent, Message};
+
+const MAX_TOOL_RESULT_CHARS: usize = 2000;
+
+/// Best-effort reconstruction of research material from a chat history left
+/// behind when the researcher hit its turn budget mid-investigation: whatever
+/// prose the model wrote between tool calls, plus the raw text of every tool
+/// result (search snippets, fetched pages), truncated so one huge page can't
+/// crowd out everything else that was found.
+pub(crate) fn partial_findings_from_history(chat_history: &[Message]) -> String {
+    let sections: Vec<String> = chat_history
+        .iter()
+        .flat_map(|message| {
+            extract_assistant_text(message)
+                .into_iter()
+                .chain(tool_result_text(message, MAX_TOOL_RESULT_CHARS))
+        })
+        .collect();
+
+    match sections.is_empty() {
+        true => "The researcher exhausted its turn budget before gathering any usable evidence."
+            .to_string(),
+        false => sections.join("\n"),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Plain-text blocks from an assistant message, if any.
+fn extract_assistant_text(message: &Message) -> Vec<String> {
+    let Message::Assistant { content, .. } = message else {
+        return Vec::new();
+    };
+    content
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|item: &AssistantContent| match item {
+            AssistantContent::Text(text) => Some(text.text().to_string()),
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// Plain-text tool results attached to a user message (that's where rig
+/// places them), each truncated to `max_chars` so one huge fetched page
+/// can't crowd out everything else that was found.
+fn tool_result_text(message: &Message, max_chars: usize) -> Vec<String> {
+    let Message::User { content } = message else {
+        return Vec::new();
+    };
+
+    content
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|item: &UserContent| match item {
+            UserContent::ToolResult(tool_result) => Some(tool_result),
+            _ => None,
+        })
+        .flat_map(|tool_result| tool_result.content.iter())
+        .filter_map(
+            |tool_result_content: &ToolResultContent| match tool_result_content {
+                ToolResultContent::Text(text) => Some(truncate(text.text(), max_chars)),
+                _ => None,
+            },
+        )
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn truncate(text: &str, max_chars: usize) -> String {
+    let mut result = text.to_string();
+    if result.len() > max_chars {
+        result.truncate(max_chars);
+        result.push_str(" ...[truncated]");
+    }
+    result
+}
+
+/// Chronological transcript of a partial research run, annotated with tool
+/// calls (so a fetch's URL or a search's query stays attached to its
+/// result) rather than just the bare result text `partial_findings_from_history`
+/// collects — the summarizer agent needs that context to attribute facts to
+/// the right source.
+pub(crate) fn annotated_transcript_from_history(chat_history: &[Message]) -> String {
+    chat_history
+        .iter()
+        .flat_map(transcript_lines)
+        .collect::<Vec<String>>()
+        .join("\n")
+}
+
+fn transcript_lines(message: &Message) -> Vec<String> {
+    match message {
+        Message::Assistant { content, .. } => content
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|item| match item {
+                AssistantContent::Text(text) => Some(format!("Note: {}", text.text())),
+                AssistantContent::ToolCall(call) => Some(format!(
+                    "Called {}({})",
+                    call.function.name, call.function.arguments
+                )),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .collect(),
+        Message::User { content } => content
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|item| match item {
+                UserContent::ToolResult(result) => Some(result),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .flat_map(|result| result.content.iter())
+            .filter_map(|part| match part {
+                ToolResultContent::Text(text) => Some(format!(
+                    "Result: {}",
+                    truncate(text.text(), MAX_TOOL_RESULT_CHARS)
+                )),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .collect(),
+        Message::System { .. } => Vec::new(),
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn truncate_leaves_short_text_untouched() {
+        assert_eq!(truncate("hello", 10), "hello");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn truncate_leaves_exact_length_text_untouched() {
+        assert_eq!(truncate("hello", 5), "hello");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn truncate_cuts_long_text_and_marks_it() {
+        assert_eq!(truncate("hello world", 5), "hello ...[truncated]");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn assistant_text_extracts_text_blocks() {
+        let message = Message::assistant("found it");
+        assert_eq!(
+            extract_assistant_text(&message),
+            vec!["found it".to_string()]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn assistant_text_ignores_tool_calls() {
+        let message = Message::Assistant {
+            id: None,
+            content: rig::OneOrMany::one(AssistantContent::tool_call(
+                "call-1",
+                "search_web",
+                serde_json::json!({ "query": "test" }),
+            )),
+        };
+        assert!(extract_assistant_text(&message).is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn assistant_text_ignores_non_assistant_messages() {
+        assert!(extract_assistant_text(&Message::user("hi")).is_empty());
+        assert!(extract_assistant_text(&Message::system("be careful")).is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn tool_result_text_extracts_and_truncates() {
+        let short = Message::tool_result("call-1", "short result");
+        assert_eq!(
+            tool_result_text(&short, 100),
+            vec!["short result".to_string()]
+        );
+
+        let long = Message::tool_result("call-2", "0123456789");
+        assert_eq!(
+            tool_result_text(&long, 5),
+            vec!["01234 ...[truncated]".to_string()]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn tool_result_text_ignores_non_tool_result_content() {
+        assert!(tool_result_text(&Message::user("plain text, no tool result"), 100).is_empty());
+        assert!(tool_result_text(&Message::assistant("also ignored"), 100).is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn partial_findings_from_history_falls_back_when_nothing_usable() {
+        let history = vec![
+            Message::system("preamble"),
+            Message::Assistant {
+                id: None,
+                content: rig::OneOrMany::one(AssistantContent::tool_call(
+                    "call-1",
+                    "search_web",
+                    serde_json::json!({ "query": "test" }),
+                )),
+            },
+        ];
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            partial_findings_from_history(&history),
+            "The researcher exhausted its turn budget before gathering any usable evidence."
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn partial_findings_from_history_collects_assistant_text_and_tool_results_in_order() {
+        let history = vec![
+            Message::assistant("Checking sources..."),
+            Message::tool_result("call-1", "Result A [1]"),
+            Message::assistant("Cross-checking..."),
+            Message::tool_result("call-2", "Result B [2]"),
+        ];
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            partial_findings_from_history(&history),
+            "Checking sources...\nResult A [1]\nCross-checking...\nResult B [2]"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn transcript_lines_prefixes_assistant_notes() {
+        let message = Message::assistant("still checking this claim");
+        assert_eq!(
+            transcript_lines(&message),
+            vec!["Note: still checking this claim".to_string()]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn transcript_lines_renders_tool_calls_with_their_arguments() {
+        let message = Message::Assistant {
+            id: None,
+            content: rig::OneOrMany::one(AssistantContent::tool_call(
+                "call-1",
+                "search_web",
+                serde_json::json!({ "query": "uruguay senior engineers" }),
+            )),
+        };
+        assert_eq!(
+            transcript_lines(&message),
+            vec!["Called search_web({\"query\":\"uruguay senior engineers\"})".to_string()]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn transcript_lines_prefixes_and_truncates_tool_results() {
+        let short = Message::tool_result("call-1", "found via search [1]");
+        assert_eq!(
+            transcript_lines(&short),
+            vec!["Result: found via search [1]".to_string()]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn transcript_lines_ignores_system_messages() {
+        assert!(transcript_lines(&Message::system("be thorough")).is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn annotated_transcript_from_history_joins_calls_results_and_notes_in_order() {
+        let history = vec![
+            Message::Assistant {
+                id: None,
+                content: rig::OneOrMany::one(AssistantContent::tool_call(
+                    "call-1",
+                    "search_web",
+                    serde_json::json!({ "query": "test" }),
+                )),
+            },
+            Message::tool_result("call-1", "1. Example\n   https://example.com\n   snippet"),
+            Message::assistant("that source looks solid"),
+        ];
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            annotated_transcript_from_history(&history),
+            "Called search_web({\"query\":\"test\"})\n\
+             Result: 1. Example\n   https://example.com\n   snippet\n\
+             Note: that source looks solid"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn annotated_transcript_from_history_is_empty_with_no_usable_content() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            annotated_transcript_from_history(&[Message::system("preamble")]),
+            ""
+        );
+    }
+}

deep_research/src/main.rs

@@ -1,32 +1,36 @@
 use clap::Parser;
 
+mod cli;
+mod history;
+mod models;
+mod observability;
 mod progress;
+mod research;
+mod researcher;
 mod review;
-mod core;
 mod stream;
+mod summarizer;
 mod tools;
-
+mod writer;
-pub(crate) const DEFAULT_TOPIC: &str =
-    "What are the latest advances in running large language models locally, on consumer hardware?";
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-    let cli = core::Cli::parse();
+    let cli = cli::Cli::parse();
 
     let show_progress = match cli.log_level {
         Some(level) => {
-            core::initialize_observability(level);
+            observability::initialize_observability(level);
             false
         }
         None => true,
     };
 
-    let topic = cli.topic.unwrap_or_else(|| DEFAULT_TOPIC.to_string());
+    let topic = cli.topic.unwrap_or_else(|| cli::DEFAULT_TOPIC.to_string());
 
     // The report streams to stdout as the writer generates it, so nothing
     // left to print here — the return value only matters to callers that
     // embed `research` rather than running it as this binary.
-    core::research(&topic, show_progress).await?;
+    research::research(&topic, show_progress).await?;
 
     Ok(())
 }

deep_research/src/models.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+/// The tool-calling research loop needs to reliably decide what to search
+/// for, when a page is worth fetching, and when it has enough evidence —
+/// that's a reasoning-heavy job best given to the largest local Gemma
+/// variant. Turning gathered notes into prose (writing, summarizing) is
+/// comparatively mechanical, so the smaller/faster variant handles those
+/// passes instead.
+pub(crate) const RESEARCHER_MODEL: &str = "gemma4:26b";
+pub(crate) const WRITER_MODEL: &str = "gemma4-e4b:latest";

deep_research/src/observability.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/// Only initializes a subscriber (and thus produces any log output at all)
+/// when the caller opted in via `--log-level` — otherwise tracing's macros
+/// are no-ops, leaving the terminal clean for the spinner.
+pub(crate) fn initialize_observability(log_level: tracing::Level) {
+    tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+        .with_env_filter(
+            tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::try_from_default_env()
+                .unwrap_or_else(|_| tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::new(log_level.to_string())),
+        )
+        .with_span_events(tracing_subscriber::fmt::format::FmtSpan::CLOSE)
+        .with_writer(std::io::stderr)
+        .init();
+}

deep_research/src/progress.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ pub(crate) const FETCH_EMOJI: &str = "📄";
 pub(crate) const REVIEW_EMOJI: &str = "🧐";
 pub(crate) const REJECTED_EMOJI: &str = "❌";
 pub(crate) const REPORT_EMOJI: &str = "✍️";
+pub(crate) const SUMMARIZE_EMOJI: &str = "🧩";
 
 /// The spinner currently on screen, if any — set by `Spinner::start` and
 /// cleared on drop. Tool implementations don't otherwise have a handle to

deep_research/src/research.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+use crate::progress::REJECTED_EMOJI;
+use crate::researcher::gather_findings;
+use crate::review::{self, Review};
+use crate::writer::write_report;
+use rig::client::Nothing;
+use rig::providers::ollama;
+
+/// Research/review rounds before giving up and writing the report from
+/// whatever the last pass produced, rather than looping forever on a topic
+/// the reviewer can never be satisfied with.
+const MAX_RESEARCH_ROUNDS: usize = 3;
+
+/// The least-agentic shape that fits: a plain Rust loop putting *this code*,
+/// not a model, in charge of when to stop — re-running research with the
+/// reviewer's feedback folded in until it approves or the round budget runs
+/// out, then writing the report from whatever the last pass produced.
+pub(crate) async fn research(topic: &str, show_progress: bool) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+    let client = ollama::Client::new(Nothing)?;
+
+    let mut findings = String::new();
+    let mut feedback: Option<Review> = None;
+    let mut incomplete = false;
+
+    for round in 1..=MAX_RESEARCH_ROUNDS {
+        let gathered =
+            gather_findings(&client, topic, feedback.as_ref(), round, show_progress).await?;
+        findings = gathered.findings;
+        incomplete = gathered.incomplete;
+
+        // The researcher ran out of turns mid-investigation rather than
+        // concluding on its own — another round would just repeat the same
+        // dead end, so stop and write up whatever was gathered.
+        if incomplete {
+            tracing::info!(round, "researcher exhausted its turn budget");
+            break;
+        }
+
+        let review = review::review_findings(&client, topic, &findings, show_progress).await?;
+        let approved = review.approved;
+
+        tracing::info!(round, approved, "review verdict");
+
+        if approved || round == MAX_RESEARCH_ROUNDS {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if show_progress {
+            eprintln!(
+                "{REJECTED_EMOJI} Findings rejected — revising for round {}...",
+                round + 1
+            );
+        }
+
+        feedback = Some(review);
+    }
+
+    write_report(&client, topic, &findings, incomplete, show_progress).await
+}

deep_research/src/researcher.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+use crate::models::RESEARCHER_MODEL;
+use crate::progress::{RESEARCH_EMOJI, Spinner};
+use crate::review::Review;
+use crate::summarizer::summarize_partial_history;
+use crate::tools::{FetchPage, SearchWeb};
+use rig::client::AgentClientExt;
+use rig::completion::PromptError;
+use rig::providers::ollama;
+
+const MAX_RESEARCH_TURNS: usize = 12;
+
+/// Findings gathered by a research pass, and whether the researcher was cut
+/// off by the turn budget before it could conclude on its own.
+pub(crate) struct GatheredFindings {
+    pub(crate) findings: String,
+    pub(crate) incomplete: bool,
+}
+
+/// Wraps the tool-calling research loop in its own span so it's visible as a
+/// single unit in traces, distinct from the writing and review phases and
+/// nesting rig's own per-turn `chat`/`execute_tool` spans underneath it.
+#[tracing::instrument(skip(client, feedback), fields(gen_ai.agent.name = "researcher"))]
+pub(crate) async fn gather_findings(
+    client: &ollama::Client,
+    topic: &str,
+    feedback: Option<&Review>,
+    round: usize,
+    show_progress: bool,
+) -> anyhow::Result<GatheredFindings> {
+    let current_date = chrono::offset::Local::now().to_string();
+
+    let researcher = client
+        .agent(RESEARCHER_MODEL)
+        .name("researcher")
+        .preamble(format!(
+            "You are a meticulous research assistant. Use the search_web and fetch_page tools to \
+             investigate the user's topic: run several searches with varied phrasing, fetch the \
+             most promising pages, and cross-check claims across at least two sources before \
+             trusting them. Ensure sources are up to date: the current date is {current_date}. \
+             Once you are confident you have enough evidence, stop calling tools and reply with a \
+             plain-text dump of every fact you gathered, using footnote-style citations: write each \
+             fact followed by a bracketed number like [1], then at the end of your reply list a \
+             'Sources' section mapping each number to the exact URL it came from, one per line, e.g. \
+             '[1] https://example.com/page'. Reuse the same number when multiple facts come from the \
+             same URL — do not give one URL two different numbers. Also call out any open questions \
+             or contradictions between sources, citing the footnotes involved. This is raw research \
+             material for a writer, not a final report, so favor completeness over polish.")
+                      .as_str(),
+        )
+        .tool(SearchWeb)
+        .tool(FetchPage)
+        .build();
+
+    let task = match feedback {
+        None => topic.to_string(),
+        Some(review) => format!(
+            "Topic: {topic}\n\n\
+             You already ran a research pass on this topic. A reviewer checked it against its \
+             cited sources and found it insufficient. Do more research to address the reviewer's \
+             feedback, then produce an updated findings dump: carry forward what's solid, and \
+             add, correct, or better-source whatever the gaps call for. Gaps include out-of-date,\
+             irrelevant, or clearly wrong information. The date is {current_date}.\n\n\
+             Solid findings from the last pass — keep and build on these:\n{}\n\n\
+             Gaps the reviewer found — conclusions not actually backed by their source, sources \
+             that don't line up with the conclusion drawn from them, or parts of the topic still \
+             uncovered:\n{}",
+            review.solid_findings, review.gaps
+        ),
+    };
+
+    let spinner = Spinner::start(show_progress, format!("{RESEARCH_EMOJI} Researching..."));
+    let run_result = researcher
+        .runner(task)
+        .max_turns(MAX_RESEARCH_TURNS)
+        .run()
+        .await;
+    drop(spinner);
+
+    let gathered = match run_result {
+        Ok(response) => GatheredFindings {
+            findings: response.output,
+            incomplete: false,
+        },
+        Err(PromptError::MaxTurnsError { chat_history, .. }) => {
+            tracing::warn!(round, "researcher hit its turn budget before concluding");
+            GatheredFindings {
+                findings: summarize_partial_history(client, topic, &chat_history, show_progress)
+                    .await,
+                incomplete: true,
+            }
+        }
+        Err(err) => return Err(err.into()),
+    };
+
+    tracing::info!(round, findings = %gathered.findings, incomplete = gathered.incomplete, "research phase complete");
+
+    Ok(gathered)
+}

deep_research/src/review.rs

@@ -50,9 +50,14 @@ pub(crate) async fn review_findings(
         .retries(2)
         .build();
 
-    let spinner = Spinner::start(show_progress, format!("{REVIEW_EMOJI} Reviewing findings..."));
+    let spinner = Spinner::start(
+        show_progress,
+        format!("{REVIEW_EMOJI} Reviewing findings..."),
+    );
     let review = reviewer
-        .extract(format!("Topic: {topic}\n\nResearch findings to review:\n{findings}"))
+        .extract(format!(
+            "Topic: {topic}\n\nResearch findings to review:\n{findings}"
+        ))
         .await?;
     drop(spinner);
 

deep_research/src/stream.rs

@@ -64,9 +64,10 @@ mod tests {
         let items = vec![text_item("Hello, "), text_item("world!")];
         let mut written = Vec::new();
 
-        let accumulated = write_text_stream(stream::iter(items), &mut written, Spinner::start(false, ""))
+        let accumulated =
-            .await
+            write_text_stream(stream::iter(items), &mut written, Spinner::start(false, ""))
-            .unwrap();
+                .await
+                .unwrap();
 
         assert_eq!(accumulated, "Hello, world!");
         assert_eq!(String::from_utf8(written).unwrap(), "Hello, world!");
@@ -81,9 +82,10 @@ mod tests {
         let items = vec![text_item("kept"), final_item];
         let mut written = Vec::new();
 
-        let accumulated = write_text_stream(stream::iter(items), &mut written, Spinner::start(false, ""))
+        let accumulated =
-            .await
+            write_text_stream(stream::iter(items), &mut written, Spinner::start(false, ""))
-            .unwrap();
+                .await
+                .unwrap();
 
         assert_eq!(accumulated, "kept");
         assert_eq!(String::from_utf8(written).unwrap(), "kept");
@@ -97,7 +99,8 @@ mod tests {
         let items = vec![text_item("kept"), Err(error)];
         let mut written = Vec::new();
 
-        let result = write_text_stream(stream::iter(items), &mut written, Spinner::start(false, "")).await;
+        let result =
+            write_text_stream(stream::iter(items), &mut written, Spinner::start(false, "")).await;
 
         assert!(result.is_err());
         assert_eq!(String::from_utf8(written).unwrap(), "kept");

deep_research/src/summarizer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+use crate::history::{annotated_transcript_from_history, partial_findings_from_history};
+use crate::models::WRITER_MODEL;
+use crate::progress::{SUMMARIZE_EMOJI, Spinner};
+use rig::client::AgentClientExt;
+use rig::completion::{Message, Prompt};
+use rig::providers::ollama;
+
+/// Agentic alternative to the plain programmatic extraction in `history`:
+/// hands the annotated transcript to a fresh model call and asks it to
+/// reconstruct the same footnote-style findings dump the researcher would
+/// have written itself, had it not run out of turns. This can dedupe
+/// repeated URLs and restore correct `[n]` citation numbering in a way
+/// string concatenation can't — but it's a model call like any other, so on
+/// an empty transcript or a failure it falls back to
+/// `partial_findings_from_history` rather than letting a second turn-budget
+/// problem take down the one recovery path that's supposed to be
+/// bulletproof.
+#[tracing::instrument(skip(client, chat_history), fields(gen_ai.agent.name = "history-summarizer"))]
+pub(crate) async fn summarize_partial_history(
+    client: &ollama::Client,
+    topic: &str,
+    chat_history: &[Message],
+    show_progress: bool,
+) -> String {
+    let transcript = annotated_transcript_from_history(chat_history);
+
+    if transcript.is_empty() {
+        tracing::warn!("no usable transcript to summarize; skipping summarizer pass");
+        return partial_findings_from_history(chat_history);
+    }
+
+    let summarizer = client
+        .agent(WRITER_MODEL)
+        .name("history-summarizer")
+        .preamble(
+            "You are reconstructing research notes from a research session that was cut off \
+             before the researcher could write its own summary. You'll be given a raw transcript \
+             of tool calls (searches run, pages fetched), their results, and any interim comments \
+             the researcher made. Turn this into a footnote-style findings dump: write each fact \
+             the transcript actually supports, followed by a bracketed number like [1], then end \
+             with a 'Sources' section mapping each number to its exact URL, one per line. Reuse \
+             the same number for a URL that appears more than once. Do not invent facts beyond \
+             what the transcript shows, and note explicitly where it looks thin or cuts off \
+             mid-investigation.",
+        )
+        .build();
+
+    let spinner = Spinner::start(
+        show_progress,
+        format!("{SUMMARIZE_EMOJI} Reconstructing partial findings..."),
+    );
+    let result = summarizer
+        .prompt(format!(
+            "Topic: {topic}\n\nPartial research transcript:\n{transcript}"
+        ))
+        .await;
+    drop(spinner);
+
+    match result {
+        Ok(findings) => {
+            tracing::info!(findings = %findings, "summarizer reconstructed partial findings");
+            findings
+        }
+        Err(error) => {
+            tracing::warn!(%error, "summarizer agent failed; falling back to programmatic extraction");
+            partial_findings_from_history(chat_history)
+        }
+    }
+}

deep_research/src/tools.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,43 @@
 use crate::progress::{self, FETCH_EMOJI, SEARCH_EMOJI};
 use rig::tool::ToolExecutionError;
 use scraper::{Html, Selector};
+use serde::Deserialize;
 
 const MAX_SEARCH_RESULTS: usize = 6;
 const MAX_PAGE_CHARS: usize = 6000;
 
-/// Searches the web via DuckDuckGo's HTML endpoint (no API key required) and
+/// Local-only tool: scraping DuckDuckGo directly shares rate-limit fate with
-/// returns each hit's title, URL, and snippet so the caller can decide which
+/// every other bot hitting it from this IP, and a rate-limited response
-/// pages are worth fetching in full.
+/// looks identical to a genuine "no results" — which is exactly what took
-#[rig::tool_macro(description = "Search the web for pages related to a query", required(query))]
+/// down a research run over a dozen turns without ever surfacing as an
+/// error. A self-hosted SearXNG instance has its own JSON API (so no HTML
+/// scraping) and spreads queries across multiple upstream engines instead
+/// of hammering one. This is deliberately not configurable beyond the env
+/// var below — this tool is never meant to run anywhere but this machine.
+fn searxng_base_url() -> String {
+    std::env::var("SEARXNG_URL").unwrap_or_else(|_| "http://localhost:8080".to_string())
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct SearxngResponse {
+    results: Vec<SearxngResult>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct SearxngResult {
+    title: String,
+    url: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    content: String,
+}
+
+/// Searches the web via a local SearXNG instance's JSON API and returns each
+/// hit's title, URL, and snippet so the caller can decide which pages are
+/// worth fetching in full.
+#[rig::tool_macro(
+    description = "Search the web for pages related to a query",
+    required(query)
+)]
 pub(crate) async fn search_web(
     /// The search query
     query: String,
@@ -16,31 +45,37 @@ pub(crate) async fn search_web(
     progress::set_activity(format!("{SEARCH_EMOJI} Searching: {query}"));
 
     let response = reqwest::Client::new()
-        .get("https://html.duckduckgo.com/html/")
+        .get(format!("{}/search", searxng_base_url()))
-        .query(&[("q", query.as_str())])
+        .query(&[("q", query.as_str()), ("format", "json")])
-        .header("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (research-agent)")
         .send()
         .await
         .map_err(ToolExecutionError::from_error)?;
 
-    let body = response.text().await.map_err(ToolExecutionError::from_error)?;
+    let parsed: SearxngResponse = response
-    let results = parse_search_results(&body);
+        .json()
+        .await
+        .map_err(ToolExecutionError::from_error)?;
 
-    if results.is_empty() {
+    if parsed.results.is_empty() {
         return Ok("No results found.".to_string());
     }
 
-    Ok(results
+    Ok(parsed
+        .results
         .into_iter()
+        .take(MAX_SEARCH_RESULTS)
         .enumerate()
-        .map(|(i, r)| format!("{}. {}\n   {}\n   {}", i + 1, r.title, r.url, r.snippet))
+        .map(|(i, r)| format!("{}. {}\n   {}\n   {}", i + 1, r.title, r.url, r.content))
         .collect::<Vec<_>>()
         .join("\n\n"))
 }
 
 /// Fetches a page and returns its main text content, stripped of markup and
 /// truncated so a single fetch can't blow out the model's context window.
-#[rig::tool_macro(description = "Fetch a web page and return its readable text content", required(url))]
+#[rig::tool_macro(
+    description = "Fetch a web page and return its readable text content",
+    required(url)
+)]
 pub(crate) async fn fetch_page(
     /// The URL to fetch
     url: String,
@@ -54,71 +89,18 @@ pub(crate) async fn fetch_page(
         .await
         .map_err(ToolExecutionError::from_error)?;
 
-    let body = response.text().await.map_err(ToolExecutionError::from_error)?;
+    let body = response
+        .text()
+        .await
+        .map_err(ToolExecutionError::from_error)?;
 
     Ok(extract_readable_text(&body))
 }
 
-struct SearchResult {
-    title: String,
-    url: String,
-    snippet: String,
-}
-
-/// DuckDuckGo's HTML results page wraps each hit in a `.result` block; the
-/// title/link lives in `.result__a` and links are redirected through
-/// `duckduckgo.com/l/?uddg=<real-url>`, so the real URL has to be pulled back
-/// out of that query parameter rather than used as-is.
-fn parse_search_results(body: &str) -> Vec<SearchResult> {
-    let document = Html::parse_document(body);
-    let result_selector = Selector::parse(".result").expect("valid selector");
-    let title_selector = Selector::parse(".result__a").expect("valid selector");
-    let snippet_selector = Selector::parse(".result__snippet").expect("valid selector");
-
-    document
-        .select(&result_selector)
-        .filter_map(|result| {
-            let title_el = result.select(&title_selector).next()?;
-            let href = title_el.value().attr("href")?;
-            let url = resolve_ddg_redirect(href);
-            let title = title_el.text().collect::<String>().trim().to_string();
-            let snippet = result
-                .select(&snippet_selector)
-                .next()
-                .map(|el| el.text().collect::<String>().trim().to_string())
-                .unwrap_or_default();
-
-            if title.is_empty() || url.is_empty() {
-                None
-            } else {
-                Some(SearchResult { title, url, snippet })
-            }
-        })
-        .take(MAX_SEARCH_RESULTS)
-        .collect()
-}
-
-fn resolve_ddg_redirect(href: &str) -> String {
-    let full = if href.starts_with("//") {
-        format!("https:{href}")
-    } else {
-        href.to_string()
-    };
-
-    reqwest::Url::parse(&full)
-        .ok()
-        .and_then(|parsed| {
-            parsed
-                .query_pairs()
-                .find(|(k, _)| k == "uddg")
-                .map(|(_, v)| v.into_owned())
-        })
-        .unwrap_or(full)
-}
-
 fn extract_readable_text(html: &str) -> String {
     let document = Html::parse_document(html);
-    let content_selector = Selector::parse("p, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, li, td").expect("valid selector");
+    let content_selector =
+        Selector::parse("p, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, li, td").expect("valid selector");
 
     let mut text: String = document
         .select(&content_selector)
@@ -133,3 +115,23 @@ fn extract_readable_text(html: &str) -> String {
     let collapsed = text.split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<_>>().join(" ");
     collapsed.chars().take(MAX_PAGE_CHARS).collect()
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod live_smoke_test {
+    use super::*;
+
+    /// Not run by default — this tool is local-only by design, so there's no
+    /// CI environment where a SearXNG instance would exist to test against.
+    /// Run manually with `cargo test -- --ignored` when SEARXNG_URL (or the
+    /// localhost:8080 default) points at a running instance.
+    #[tokio::test]
+    #[ignore = "hits a real local SearXNG instance; run manually with --ignored"]
+    async fn search_web_returns_real_results_from_local_searxng() {
+        let output = search_web("uruguay senior software engineer hiring 2026".to_string())
+            .await
+            .expect("search_web should succeed against a live local SearXNG instance");
+
+        println!("{output}");
+        assert_ne!(output, "No results found.");
+    }
+}

deep_research/src/writer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+use crate::models::WRITER_MODEL;
+use crate::progress::{REPORT_EMOJI, Spinner};
+use crate::stream::write_text_stream;
+use rig::client::AgentClientExt;
+use rig::providers::ollama;
+use rig::streaming::StreamingPrompt;
+use std::io::Write;
+
+#[tracing::instrument(skip(client, findings), fields(gen_ai.agent.name = "writer"))]
+pub(crate) async fn write_report(
+    client: &ollama::Client,
+    topic: &str,
+    findings: &str,
+    incomplete: bool,
+    show_progress: bool,
+) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+    let writer = client
+        .agent(WRITER_MODEL)
+        .name("writer")
+        .preamble(
+            "You turn raw research notes into a clear, well-organized report for the reader. The \
+             notes use footnote-style citations — a bracketed number like [1] after a fact, with a \
+             Sources section mapping numbers to URLs. Preserve this scheme in your report: keep the \
+             same [n] markers next to the claims they support (renumbering only if you drop unused \
+             sources), and end the report with a 'Sources' section listing every footnote number \
+             still in use next to its exact URL. Structure the body with headings, and call out any \
+             open questions or contradictions the research turned up. Do not invent facts beyond \
+             what the notes provide.",
+        )
+        .build();
+
+    let task = if incomplete {
+        format!(
+            "Topic: {topic}\n\n\
+             The researcher ran out of turns before it could finish investigating, so these notes \
+             are an incomplete, best-effort reconstruction rather than the researcher's own \
+             conclusions — treat any citations already in them as tentative. Write up what the \
+             notes actually support, note explicitly where evidence is thin or missing, and open \
+             the report with a short callout that this research is inconclusive and further \
+             manual searching is needed.\n\n\
+             Research notes:\n{findings}"
+        )
+    } else {
+        format!("Topic: {topic}\n\nResearch notes:\n{findings}")
+    };
+
+    let spinner = Spinner::start(show_progress, format!("{REPORT_EMOJI} Writing report..."));
+    let response_stream = writer.stream_prompt(task).await;
+
+    // Locked once for the whole stream rather than per chunk (as print!
+    // would do internally) — chunks arrive in a tight loop, so re-acquiring
+    // the lock on every one adds up. The spinner keeps running until the
+    // stream's first chunk arrives, so the terminal stays covered through
+    // the gap between sending the prompt and generation actually starting.
+    let stdout = std::io::stdout();
+    let mut handle = stdout.lock();
+
+    // Guaranteed regardless of whether the writer model actually heeds the
+    // instruction above — the reader should never mistake a budget-exhausted
+    // run for a complete one just because the model forgot to say so.
+    let disclaimer = incomplete.then_some(
+        "> **Disclaimer:** incomplete research: the researcher exhausted its turn \
+         budget before it could finish investigating. The findings below are partial and may be \
+         incomplete or unbalanced; treat them as a starting point and verify further manually.\n\n",
+    );
+    if let Some(disclaimer) = disclaimer {
+        write!(handle, "{disclaimer}")?;
+    }
+
+    let report = write_text_stream(response_stream, &mut handle, spinner).await?;
+    writeln!(handle)?;
+
+    Ok(match disclaimer {
+        Some(disclaimer) => format!("{disclaimer}{report}"),
+        None => report,
+    })
+}